KVM : CentOS6 : set up a serial console when using upstart ( virsh console )

KVM host : CentOS6

Guest : CentOS6

KVM host

# /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm –version QEMU PC emulator version 0.12.1 (qemu-kvm-0.12.1.2), Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard # libvirtd --version libvirtd (libvirt) 0.9.10 # uname -ri 2.6.32-279.2.1.el6.x86_64 x86_64 # cat /etc/centos-release CentOS release 6.3 (Final)

Guest

# uname -ri 2.6.32-279.2.1.el6.x86_64 x86_64 # cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 6.3 (Final)

CentOS6 is using upstart and the configuration for serial ports settings is different from previous ver.

install upstart on your VM if you have not installed it

VM # yum install upstart –y VM # rpm -qa | grep upstart upstart-0.6.5-12.el6.x86_64

upstart configuration files are under /etc/init directory.

VM # ls /etc/init/ control-alt-delete.conf  quit-plymouth.conf       serial.conf init-system-dbus.conf    rc.conf                  splash-manager.conf kexec-disable.conf       rcS-emergency.conf       start-ttys.conf plymouth-shutdown.conf   rcS-sulogin.conf         tty.conf prefdm.conf              rcS.conf

edit /etc/securetty

VM # echo "ttyS0" >> /etc/securetty

create a serial-ttyS0.conf file under /etc/init directory.

VM# vi /etc/init/serial-ttyS0.conf

add the following lines.

VM# cat /etc/init/serial-ttyS0.conf stop on runlevel [016] start on runlevel [345] respawn instance /dev/ttyS0 exec /sbin/mingetty /dev/ttyS0

VM# initctl start serial-ttyS0 serial-ttyS0 (/dev/ttyS0) start/running, process 1418

“initctl list” output the lists which are controlled by upstart.

VM # initctl list rc stop/waiting tty (/dev/tty3) start/running, process 1321 tty (/dev/tty2) start/running, process 1319 tty (/dev/tty1) start/running, process 1317 tty (/dev/tty6) start/running, process 1331 tty (/dev/tty5) start/running, process 1325 tty (/dev/tty4) start/running, process 1323 plymouth-shutdown stop/waiting control-alt-delete stop/waiting rcS-emergency stop/waiting kexec-disable stop/waiting quit-plymouth stop/waiting rcS stop/waiting prefdm stop/waiting init-system-dbus stop/waiting serial-ttyS0 (/dev/ttyS0) start/running, process 1418 splash-manager stop/waiting start-ttys stop/waiting rcS-sulogin stop/waiting serial stop/waiting

connect to the VM from the KVM host with virsh console

virsh # console centos6-64-1 Connected to domain centos6-64-1 Escape character is ^] CentOS release 6.3 (Final) Kernel 2.6.32-279.2.1.el6.x86_64 on an x86_64 centos6-64-1 login:

install KVM on CentOS 6.3 , use SPICE

[ install KVM on CentOS 6.3 ]

# cat /etc/centos-release CentOS release 6.3 (Final) # uname -rn centos6-1.localdomain 2.6.32-279.2.1.el6.x86_64

# yum groupinstall Virtulization "Virtualization Platform" "Virtualization Client" "Virtualization Tools"

# /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm --version QEMU PC emulator version 0.12.1 (qemu-kvm-0.12.1.2), Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard # virt-manager --version 0.9.0 # libvirtd --version libvirtd (libvirt) 0.9.10

start libvirtd

# /etc/init.d/libvirtd start Starting libvirtd daemon:                                  [  OK  ]

connect to hypervisor with virsh to confirm whether or not libvirtd and virsh work.

# virsh --connect qemu:///system Welcome to virsh, the virtualization interactive terminal. Type:  'help' for help with commands       'quit' to quit virsh # quit

connect to the hypervisor with root user.
If you try this with regular users , you will see the following error

$ LANG=C virsh --connect qemu:///system error: authentication failed: Authorization requires authentication but no agent is available. error: failed to connect to the hypervisor

Same issue will occur with virt-manager.

root user

# virt-manager

connect to the hypervisor

non root user

$ virt-manager

can’t connect

error messages are like this:

File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/libvirt.py", line 102, in openAuth    if ret is None:raise libvirtError('virConnectOpenAuth() failed') libvirtError: authentication failed: Authorization requires authentication but no agent is available.

add a bridge interface ( not mandatory )
trun on network and turn off NetworkManager.

# chkconfig NetworkManager off # chkconfig network on # chkconfig --list | grep -i network NetworkManager  0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off network         0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

I’ll associate eth0 with br0.

# pwd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts # cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-br0

edit ifcfg-eth0 like this:

# egrep -v ^# ifcfg-eth0 TYPE=Ethernet DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes IPV6INIT=no NAME="Auto eth0" DEVICE="eth0" UUID=zzz ONBOOT=yes HWADDR=zz BRIDGE="br0"

edit ifcfg-br0 like this:

# egrep -v ^# ifcfg-br0 TYPE=Bridge BOOTPROTO=none DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes IPV6INIT=no NAME="br0" DEVICE="br0" UUID=zz ONBOOT=yes HWADDR=zz IPADDR=x.x.x.x PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=z.z.z.z DNS1=y.y.y.y

stop NetworkManager and start network.

# /etc/init.d/NetworkManager stop;/etc/init.d/network restart

Okay , I could create bridge interface which is associated with eth0.

# brctl show bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces br0             8000.002655e1aefa       no              eth0 virbr0          8000.525400fd7ade       yes             virbr0-nic

[ build a CentOS 6 VM with virt-manager and SPICE ]

install spice packages

# yum install spice-server spice-client spice-protocol –y

change display settings to Spice from VNC

# virsh list --all Id    Name                           State ---------------------------------------------------- 1     centos6-64-1                   running # virsh dumpxml 1 | grep -i spice    <channel type='spicevmc'>      <target type='virtio' name='com.redhat.spice.0'/>    <graphics type='spice' port='5900' autoport='yes' keymap='ja'/>

connect to the VM with spice client

# spicec -h 127.0.0.1 -p 5900

virsh # list --all Id    Name                           State ---------------------------------------------------- 3     centos6-64-1                   running virsh # qemu-monitor-command 3 --hmp 'info spice' Server:     address: 127.0.0.1:5900        auth: none Channel:     address: 127.0.0.1:50420     session: 1714636915     channel: 1:0 Channel:     address: 127.0.0.1:50421     session: 1714636915     channel: 6:0 Channel:     address: 127.0.0.1:50422     session: 1714636915     channel: 5:0 Channel:     address: 127.0.0.1:50423     session: 1714636915     channel: 4:0 Channel:     address: 127.0.0.1:50424     session: 1714636915     channel: 2:0 Channel:     address: 127.0.0.1:50425     session: 1714636915     channel: 3:0 virsh #

httrack : copy web contents

httrack copies web contents you want to copy.

[root@fc17 ~]# uname -ri 3.4.6-2.fc17.x86_64 x86_64 [root@fc17 ~]# cat /etc/fedora-release Fedora release 17 (Beefy Miracle)

install httrack via yum

[root@fc17 ~]# yum install httrack -y

create a directory to store web contents

$ mkdir web-copy

I’ll copy my blog site.
Please take care of copyright matters , bandwidth , load etc when you copy web contents.

run httrack

$ httrack Welcome to HTTrack Website Copier (Offline Browser) 3.43-9+libhtsjava.so.2 Copyright (C) Xavier Roche and other contributors To see the option list, enter a blank line or try httrack --help Enter project name :my-blog-copy Base path (return=/home/hattori/websites/) :/home/hattori/web-copy Enter URLs (separated by commas or blank spaces) :http://lost-and-found-narihiro.blogspot.jp Action: (enter) 1 Mirror Web Site(s) 2 Mirror Web Site(s) with Wizard 3 Just Get Files Indicated 4 Mirror ALL links in URLs (Multiple Mirror) 5 Test Links In URLs (Bookmark Test) 0 Quit : 1 Proxy (return=none) : You can define wildcards, like: -*.gif +www.*.com/*.zip -*img_*.zip Wildcards (return=none) : You can define additional options, such as recurse level (-r<number>), separed by blank spaces To see the option list, type help Additional options (return=none) : ---> Wizard command line: httrack http://lost-and-found-narihiro.blogspot.jp  -O "/home/hattori/web-copy/my-blog-copy"  -%v    Ready to launch the mirror? (Y/n) :y Mirror launched on Tue, 24 Jul 2012 23:56:52 by HTTrack Website Copier/3.43-9+libhtsjava.so.2 [XR&CO'2010] mirroring http://lost-and-found-narihiro.blogspot.jp with the wizard help..

Here’s a capture data
User-Agent Header seems to be Mozilla.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol    GET /2012/01/linux-mint-12-configure-ip-aliases.html HTTP/1.1\r\n        [Expert Info (Chat/Sequence): GET /2012/01/linux-mint-12-configure-ip-aliases.html HTTP/1.1\r\n]            [Message: GET /2012/01/linux-mint-12-configure-ip-aliases.html HTTP/1.1\r\n]            [Severity level: Chat]            [Group: Sequence]        Request Method: GET        Request URI: /2012/01/linux-mint-12-configure-ip-aliases.html        Request Version: HTTP/1.1    Referer: http://lost-and-found-narihiro.blogspot.jp/\r\n    Cookie: $Version=1; blogger_TID=xxx; $Path=/\r\n    Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n    Host: lost-and-found-narihiro.blogspot.jp\r\n    User-Agent: Mozilla/4.5 (compatible; HTTrack 3.0x; Windows 98)\r\n    Accept: image/png, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/x-xbitmap, image/svg+xml, image/gif;q=0.9, */*;q=0.1\r\n    Accept-Language: en, *\r\n    Accept-Charset: iso-8859-1, iso-8859-*;q=0.9, utf-8;q=0.66, *;q=0.33\r\n    Accept-Encoding: gzip, identity;q=0.9\r\n    \r\n    [Full request URI: http://lost-and-found-narihiro.blogspot.jp/2012/01/linux-mint-12-configure-ip-aliases.html]

after finishing copying web contents , web contents will be stored under “~/web-copy/my-blog-copy” directory.

[root@fc17 my-blog-copy]# pwd /home/hattori/web-copy/my-blog-copy [root@fc17 my-blog-copy]# ls backblue.gif  hts-in_progress.lock  lost-and-found-narihiro.blogspot.jp fade.gif      hts-log.txt hts-cache     index.html

open index.html with an web browser.



or

you could copy web contents with wget command like this:

$ wget --user-agent=Mozilla --mirror --wait=1 http://zzzzz

C programming : how to create a zombie process

# gcc --version | head -1 gcc (GCC) 4.4.6 20120305 (Red Hat 4.4.6-4) # cat /etc/centos-release CentOS release 6.3 (Final) # uname -ri 2.6.32-279.1.1.el6.i686 i386

# cat create-zombie.c -n     1  #include <stdio.h>     2  #include <sys/types.h>     3  #include <unistd.h>     4  #include <stdlib.h>     5     6  int main()     7  {     8          pid_t c_pid;     9    10          c_pid=fork(); /* crete a child process */    11    12          if (c_pid > 0) { /* child process */    13                  printf("Parent PID : %d\r\n", getpid());    14                  printf("Child PID  %d is zombie process \r\n", c_pid);    15                  sleep (1000);    16          }    17          else {    18                  return 0;    19          }    20  return 0;    21  }

compile it.

# gcc create-zombie.c -o create-zombie.o

run

# ./create-zombie.o Parent PID : 1688 Child PID 1689 is zombie process

check whether or not child process is zombie.

# pstree -p 1688 create-zombie.o(1688)---create-zombie.o(1689)

PID 1689 is marked as a zombie process.

# ps aux | awk '{ print $8 " " $2 }' | grep -w Z Z+ 1689

# top -b -n 1 top - 20:43:31 up 28 min,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 Tasks: 100 total,   1 running,  98 sleeping,   0 stopped,   1 zombie

# egrep -i state /proc/1689/status State:  Z (zombie)