lost and found ( for me ? ): virt-install

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KVM : Create CentOS7 VM with zero touch by using virt-install and kickstart

Here are logs when I built a CentOS7 VM with zero touch by using virt-install and kickstart file.

KVM host

$ tail -1 /etc/lsb-release

DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS"

$ virt-install --version

1.3.2

Download ISO and prepare kickstart file.

ISO

CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1611.iso

kickstart file

$ cat cent7.ks

#version=DEVEL

# System authorization information

auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512

# Install OS instead of upgrade

install

# Use CDROM installation media

cdrom

# Use text mode install

text

# Firewall configuration

firewall --disabled

firstboot --disable

ignoredisk --only-use=vda

# Keyboard layouts

# old format: keyboard jp106

# new format:

keyboard --vckeymap=jp106 --xlayouts='jp'

# System language

lang en_US.UTF-8

# Network information

network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --hostname=localhost --noipv6

# Reboot after installation

reboot

# Root password

rootpw --plaintext password

# SELinux configuration

selinux --disabled

# System services

services --enabled="chronyd"

# Do not configure the X Window System

skipx

# System timezone

timezone Asia/Tokyo --isUtc

# System bootloader configuration

bootloader --append="rhgb quiet crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=vda

# Clear the Master Boot Record

zerombr

# Partition clearing information

clearpart --all --initlabel

part / --fstype=ext4 --grow --asprimary --size=1

%packages --nobase --ignoremissing

@core

chrony

kexec-tools

%end

%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'

%end

install

$ sudo virt-install -n cent7-01 --memory 2048 -f /var/lib/libvirt/images/cent7-01.qcow2,size=20,format=qcow2,bus=virtio,cache=none --vcpus=1 --os-type linux --os-variant centos7.0 --location /home/hattori/ISO_images/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1611.iso --extra-args='ks=file:/cent7.ks console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8' --keymap ja --initrd-inject ./cent7.ks --network=default,model=virtio --noautoconsole

connect to the VM to see progress.

$ virsh console cent7-01

Starting install...

Retrieving file .treeinfo... | 366 B 00:00:00

Retrieving file vmlinuz... | 5.1 MB 00:00:00

Retrieving file initrd.img... | 41 MB 00:00:00

<snip>

Progress

Setting up the installation environment

Creating disklabel on /dev/vda

Creating ext4 on /dev/vda1

Running pre-installation scripts

Starting package installation process

Preparing transaction from installation source

Installing libgcc (1/297)

Installing centos-release (2/297)

Installing setup (3/297)

<snip>

[ OK ] Stopped LVM2 metadata daemon.

[ OK ] Started Restore /run/initramfs.

[ OK ] Reached target Shutdown.

dracut Warning: Killing all remaining processes

Rebooting.

[ 194.849928] Restarting system.

get things done.

$ virsh list --all

Id Name State

----------------------------------------------------

- cent7-01 shut off

$ virsh start cent7-01

$ virsh console cnet7-01

localhost login: root

Password:

[root@localhost ~]#

KVM : build Ubuntu 14.04 VM via CLI(virt-install)

You can easily build VMs with virt-install ( no GUI )

The procedures are:

Download ISO

Mount ISO locally

Build VM with virt-install

Here are logs when building Ubuntu 14.04 VMs within Ubuntu13.10 KVM host.

KVM host

# tail -1 /etc/lsb-release ; uname -ri

DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 13.10"

3.11.0-20-generic x86_64

# qemu-system-x86_64 -version

download ISO

ubuntu-14.04-server-amd64.iso

mount ISO

# mount -t iso9660 -o loop ubuntu-14.04-server-amd64.iso /var/iso-mnt

build VM. ( memory 512M, vHDD 10GB )

# virt-install --connect qemu:///system -n ubuntu1404-vm1 -s 10 -r 512 -f /var/lib/KVM_images/ubuntu1404-vm1.img --vcpus=1 --os-type linux --os-variant ubuntutrusty --nographics --location /var/iso-mnt --extra-args='console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8' --keymap ja

Ubuntu 13.10 KVM: build VMs without VNC by using virt-install

Here are logs when building VMs via virt-install without VNC.

# virt-install --version

0.600.4

error..

# virt-install --name ubuntu1204-varm -r 1024 --vcpus=2 --os-type=linux --os-variant=ubuntuprecise --disk path=/var/lib/KVM_images/ubuntu1204-varm.qcow2,size=10,format=qcow2 --cdrom /home/hattori/ISO_files/ubuntu-12.04.1-server-amd64.iso --accelerate --nographics --network network=default,model=virtio --hvm --extra-args='console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8 serial'

ERROR --extra-args は --location とともに指定する場合のみ機能します。

when using --extra-args option, I need to use --location instead of --cdrom option.

I need to specify nfs or http or ftp path when using --location.

nfs:host:/path or nfs://host/path

An NFS server location containing an installable distribution image

http://host/path

An HTTP server location containing an installable distribution image

ftp://host/path

An FTP server location containing an installable distribution image

To specify http path, create a directory to mount ISO

# mkdir /var/www/mnt

mount the ISO

# mount -t iso9660 -o loop /home/hattori/ISO_files/ubuntu-12.04.1-server-amd64.iso /var/www/mnt

mount: block device /home/hattori/ISO_files/ubuntu-12.04.1-server-amd64.iso is write-protected, mounting read-only

# ls /var/www/mnt/

boot dists efi isolinux pics preseed ubuntu

cdromupgrade doc install md5sum.txt pool README.diskdefines

start apache2

# apache2ctl start

Now, you can specify installable image over http.

try again.

Okay, I can install ubuntu via console without VNC.

virt-install --name ubuntu1204-varm -r 1024 --vcpus=2 --os-type=linux --os-variant=ubuntuprecise --disk path=/var/lib/KVM_images/ubuntu1204-varm.qcow2,size=10,format=qcow2 --location http://127.0.0.1/mnt --accelerate --nographics --network network=default,model=virtio --hvm --extra-args='console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8 serial'

Starting install...

Retrieving file version.info... | 116 B 00:00 ...

Retrieving file linux... | 9.5 MB 00:00 ...

Retrieving file initrd.gz... | 33 MB 00:00 ...

Creating domain... | 0 B 00:00

Connected to domain ubuntu1204-varm

Escape character is ^]

[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset

[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu

[ 0.000000] Linux version 3.2.0-29-generic (buildd@allspice) (gcc version 4.6.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5) ) #46-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jul 27 17:03:23 UTC 2012 (Ubuntu 3.2.0-29.46-generic 3.2.24)

[ 0.000000] Command line: method=http://127.0.0.1/mnt console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8

[ 0.000000] KERNEL supported cpus:

[ 0.000000] Intel GenuineIntel

[ 0.000000] AMD AuthenticAMD

[ 0.000000] Centaur CentaurHauls

[ 0.000000] BIOS-provided physical RAM map:

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 0000000000000000 - 000000000009fc00 (usable)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 000000000009fc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000000f0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 000000003fffe000 (usable)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 000000003fffe000 - 0000000040000000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000feffc000 - 00000000ff000000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000fffc0000 - 0000000100000000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] NX (Execute Disable) protection: active

[ 0.000000] DMI 2.4 present.

[ 0.000000] No AGP bridge found

Fedora 20: build a VM with virt-builder

Here are trial and error logs when building VMs for KVM by using virt-builder

reference

http://libguestfs.org/virt-builder.1.html

[root@f20 ~]# cat /etc/fedora-release

Fedora release 20 (Heisenbug)

[root@f20 ~]# uname -ri

3.13.0-0.rc8.git2.1.vanilla.mainline.knurd.1.fc20.x86_64 x86_64

[root@f20 ~]# qemu-system-x86_64 --version

virt-builder includes libguest-tools.

# yum install libguestfs-tools

# libguestfs-test-tool --version

libguestfs-test-tool 1.24.4fedora=20,release=1.fc20,libvirt

list OSes you can build

# virt-builder --list

virt-builder: warning: cache /root/.cache/virt-builder: Unix.Unix_error(20, "mkdir", "/root/.cache/virt-builder")

virt-builder: disabling the cache

centos-6 CentOS 6.5

cirros-0.3.1 CirrOS 0.3.1

debian-6 Debian 6 (Squeeze)

debian-7 Debian 7 (Wheezy)

fedora-18 Fedora® 18

fedora-19 Fedora® 19

fedora-20 Fedora® 20

scientificlinux-6 Scientific Linux 6.4

ubuntu-10.04 Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid)

ubuntu-12.04 Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise)

ubuntu-13.10 Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy)

build a Fedora20 VM

error.

# virt-builder fedora-20 --root-password file:./rootpw.txt -o f20-vm.qcow2 --format qcow2 --size 20G --hostname f20-vm.example.com --install "@core" --firstboot-command 'yum update -y' --firstboot-command 'localectl set-locale LANG=ja_JP.utf8' --firstboot-command 'set-keymap jp'

virt-builder: warning: cache /root/.cache/virt-builder: Unix.Unix_error(20, "mkdir", "/root/.cache/virt-builder")

virt-builder: disabling the cache

[ 1.0] Downloading: http://libguestfs.org/download/builder/fedora-20.xz

####################################################################### 100.0%

[ 510.0] Planning how to build this image

[ 510.0] Uncompressing

[ 521.0] Resizing (using virt-resize) to expand the disk to 20.0G

Fatal error: exception Guestfs.Error("could not create appliance through libvirt.

Try running qemu directly without libvirt using this environment variable:

export LIBGUESTFS_BACKEND=direct

Original error from libvirt: 内部エラー: モニターに接続中にプロセス

Configure LIBGUESTFS_BACKEND environment.

# export LIBGUESTFS_BACKEND=direct

# echo $LIBGUESTFS_BACKEND

direct

okay.

virt-builder: warning: cache /root/.cache/virt-builder: Unix.Unix_error(20, "mkdir", "/root/.cache/virt-builder")

virt-builder: disabling the cache

[ 1.0] Downloading: http://libguestfs.org/download/builder/fedora-20.xz

####################################################################### 100.0%

[ 518.0] Planning how to build this image

[ 518.0] Uncompressing

[ 529.0] Resizing (using virt-resize) to expand the disk to 20.0G

[ 561.0] Opening the new disk

[ 565.0] Setting a random seed

[ 565.0] Setting the hostname: f20-vm.example.com

[ 565.0] Setting root password

[ 565.0] Installing packages: @core

[ 624.0] Installing firstboot command: [1] yum update -y

[ 624.0] Installing firstboot command: [2] localectl set-locale LANG=ja_JP.utf8

[ 624.0] Installing firstboot command: [3] set-keymap jp

[ 624.0] Finishing off

Output: f20-vm.qcow2

Output size: 20.0G

Output format: qcow2

Total usable space: 19.0G

Free space: 18.1G (95%)

the VM image has been created under the directory where you issued virt-builder command.

# file f20-vm.qcow2

f20-vm.qcow2: QEMU QCOW Image (unknown version)

copy the original VM image to KVM pool ( in my case, /var/lib/libvit/images/disk1 )

# cp f20-vm.qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/disk1/f20.qcow2

deploy the VM.

# yum install virt-install

# virt-install --import --name f20-vm1 --ram 512 --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/disk1/f20-vm1.qcow2,format=qcow2,device=disk,bus=virtio,20G

ERROR Error with storage parameters: Size must be specified for non existent volume path '/var/lib/libvirt/images/disk1/f20-vm1.qcow2'

[root@f20 Virtbuilder_works]# virt-install

ERROR

[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset

[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu

[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct

[ 0.000000] Linux version 3.11.10-301.fc20.x86_64 (mockbuild@bkernel01.phx2.fedoraproject.org) (gcc version 4.8.2 20131017 (Red Hat 4.8.2-1) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu Dec 5 14:01:17 UTC 2013

[ 0.000000] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.11.10-301.fc2

when booting the VM for the first time, execute “yum update” automatically.

[ 112.857596] firstboot.sh[408]: Transaction test succeeded

[ 112.859440] firstboot.sh[408]: Running transaction

[ 114.431092] firstboot.sh[408]: Updating : libselinux-2.2.1-6.fc20.x86_64 1/129

[ 115.127248] firstboot.sh[408]: Updating : nspr-4.10.2-1.fc20.x86_64 2/129

[ 115.797586] firstboot.sh[408]: Updating : nss-util-3.15.3-1.fc20.x86_64 3/129

[ 116.429433] firstboot.sh[408]: Updating : audit-libs-2.3.3-1.fc20.x86_64 4/129